±äƵÆ÷ÓÃÍÏÁ´µçÀÂÐèÒªÔöÇ¿EMC·À»¤£¬£¬£¬Ô­ÒòÈçÏ£º£º£º

Ò»¡¢¡¢¡¢±äƵÆ÷ÊÇÇ¿µç´Å×ÌÈÅÔ´

1. ¸ßƵг²¨×ÌÈÅ
   ±äƵÆ÷ͨ¹ýÕûÁ÷ºÍÄæ±äÀú³Ì±¬·¢´ó×Ú¸ßƵг²¨£¨ÈçPWMµ÷ÖÆƵÂÊ¿É´ïÊýkHzÖÁÊýÊ®kHz£©£¬£¬£¬ÕâЩг²¨»áͨ¹ýµç»úµçÀÂÏòÍâ·øÉä»ò´«µ¼£¬£¬£¬Ðγɵç´Å×ÌÈÅ£¨EMI£©¡£¡£¡£ÈôÍÏÁ´µçÀÂδ½ÓÄÉÆÁÕϲ½·¥£¬£¬£¬¸ßƵÔëÉùµçÁ÷¿ÉÄÜÒÔ²»È·¶¨Â·¾¶Á÷»Ø±äƵÆ÷£¬£¬£¬ÔڻطÖб¬·¢¸ßƵѹ½µ£¬£¬£¬×ÌÈÅÆäËû×°±¸¡£¡£¡£

2. ¼ÄÉúµçÈÝЧӦ
   µç»úµçÀÂÓëµç»úÄÚ²¿±£´æ¼ÄÉúµçÈÝ£¨Cp£©£¬£¬£¬¸ßƵÔëÉùµçÁ÷£¨Is£©Í¨¹ý¼ÄÉúµçÈÝÐγɻØ·£¬£¬£¬µ¼Ö±äƵÆ÷³ÉΪÔëÉùÔ´¡£¡£¡£ÈôµçÀÂÎÞÆÁÕϲ㣬£¬£¬ÔëÉùµçÁ÷¿ÉÄÜͨ¹ý¿Õ¼ä·øÉä»ò¹²Ä£ñîºÏ×ÌÈÅ¿ØÖÆϵͳ¡£¡£¡£

¶þ¡¢¡¢¡¢ÍÏÁ´µçÀµÄÌØÊâʹÓó¡¾°¼Ó¾çEMC·çÏÕ

1. ¶¯Ì¬ÍäÇúÓë»úеӦÁ¦
   ÍÏÁ´µçÀÂÐèÔÚ¶¯Ì¬ÍäÇúÇéÐÎÖÐÖظ´Ô˶¯£¬£¬£¬¿ÉÄܵ¼ÖÂÆÁÕϲã¶ÏÁÑ»ò½Ó´¥²»Á¼£¬£¬£¬Ï÷ÈõÆÁÕÏЧ¹û¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬ÆÁÕϲãÈôδ½ÓÄÉѹ½Ó¹¤ÒÕ»òÁ½Í·½ÓµØ²»Á¼£¬£¬£¬¸ßƵ×ÌÈÅ¿ÉÄÜͨ¹ýÎó²î×ß©¡£¡£¡£

2. ¶àµçÀ²¢Ðв¼Ïß
   ÍÏÁ´ÖÐͨ³£°üÀ¨¶¯Á¦µçÀ¡¢¡¢¡¢¿ØÖƵçÀºÍÐźŵçÀ£¬£¬£¬Èôδ·Ö²ã°²ÅÅ»ò¼ä¾àȱ·¦£¬£¬£¬¸ßƵ×ÌÈÅ¿ÉÄÜͨ¹ýµç´ÅñîºÏ£¨ÈçÈÝÐÔñîºÏ¡¢¡¢¡¢¸ÐÐÔñîºÏ£©Ó°ÏìÃô¸ÐÐźŴ«Ê䣬£¬£¬µ¼ÖÂͨѶ¹ýʧ»ò¿ØÖÆʧÁé¡£¡£¡£

Èý¡¢¡¢¡¢ÔöÇ¿EMC·À»¤µÄÐëÒªÐÔ

1. Öª×ã±ê×¼ÒªÇó
   ƾ֤IEC 61800-3£¨µ÷ËÙµçÆø´«¶¯ÏµÍ³µç´Å¼æÈÝÐÔ±ê×¼£©£¬£¬£¬±äƵÆ÷ÐèÇкÏÌض¨ÇéÐΣ¨µÚÒ»Àà/µÚ¶þÀࣩµÄ¿¹ÈŶȺͷ¢ÉäÏÞÖµ¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磺£º£º

• ·øÉä·¢ÉäÏÞÖµ£º£º£ºÔÚ¹¤ÒµÇø£¨µÚ¶þÀàÇéÐΣ©£¬£¬£¬±äƵÆ÷·øÉ䳡ǿÔÚ3m´¦²»µÃÁè¼Ý60 dB(¦ÌV/m)£»£»£»ÔÚסÃñÇø£¨µÚÒ»ÀàÇéÐΣ©²»µÃÁè¼Ý46 dB(¦ÌV/m)¡£¡£¡£

• ¿¹ÈŶÈÒªÇ󣺣º£º×°±¸ÐèÄܽÓÊܵçѹµøÂä¡¢¡¢¡¢¶ÌʱÖÐÖ¹¡¢¡¢¡¢ÆµÂÊת±äµÈµÍƵɧÈÅ£¬£¬£¬ÒÔ¼°ÉäƵµç´Å³¡·øÉ䣨80MHz-6GHz£¬£¬£¬³¡Ç¿1-30V/m£©µÈ¸ßƵ×ÌÈÅ¡£¡£¡£

2. °ü¹ÜϵͳÎȹÌÐÔ
   ÔöÇ¿EMC·À»¤¿É×èÖ¹ÒÔÏÂÎÊÌ⣺£º£º

• ͨѶÖÐÖ¹£º£º£º¸ßƵ×ÌÈÅ¿ÉÄܵ¼ÖÂPLC¡¢¡¢¡¢±àÂëÆ÷µÈ¿ØÖÆ×°±¸ÐźÅʧÕ棬£¬£¬Òý·¢×°±¸ÎóÐж¯¡£¡£¡£

• µç»ú¹ýÈÈ£º£º£ºÐ³²¨µçÁ÷ÔöÌíµç»úÍ­ËðºÍÌúË𣬣¬£¬µ¼ÖÂЧÂÊϽµ¡¢¡¢¡¢ÎÂÉý¹ý¸ß£¬£¬£¬Ëõ¶Ìµç»úÊÙÃü¡£¡£¡£

• ´«¸ÐÆ÷Î󱨣º£º£ºÄ£ÄâÁ¿Ðźţ¨Èçζȡ¢¡¢¡¢Ñ¹Á¦´«¸ÐÆ÷£©¿ÉÄÜÒò×ÌÈű¬·¢²¨¶¯£¬£¬£¬Ó°Ïì±Õ»·¿ØÖƾ«¶È¡£¡£¡£

ËÄ¡¢¡¢¡¢ÔöÇ¿EMC·À»¤µÄÏêϸ²½·¥

1. ½ÓÄÉÆÁÕϵçÀÂ

• Ë«²ãÆÁÕϽṹ£º£º£ºÍâ²ã½ÓÄɽðÊô±àÖ¯ÆÁÕÏ£¨ÁýÕÖÂÊ¡Ý85%£©£¬£¬£¬ÄÚ²ã½ÓÄÉÂÁ²­ÈÆ°üÆÁÕÏ£¬£¬£¬ÐγÉË«ÖØ·À»¤¡£¡£¡£

• ÆÁÕϲã½ÓµØ£º£º£ºÆÁÕϲãÐèÔÚ±äƵÆ÷¶ËºÍµç»ú¶ËÁ½Í·½ÓµØ£¬£¬£¬ÓÅÏȽÓÄÉѹ½Ó¹¤ÒÕÈ·±£½Ó´¥¿É¿¿¡£¡£¡£ÈôÆÁÕϲãÁ½Í·±£´æ²îÄ£µçѹ£¬£¬£¬¿É¼Ó×°¸ßƵСµçÈÝ£¨Èç3.3nF/3000V£©½ÓµØ¡£¡£¡£

2. ÓÅ»¯²¼ÏßÕ½ÂÔ

• ·Ö²ã°²ÅÅ£º£º£º½«¶¯Á¦µçÀ¡¢¡¢¡¢¿ØÖƵçÀºÍÐźŵçÀ·ֲ㰲ÅÅ£¬£¬£¬×îС¼ä¾à¡Ý500mm£»£»£»×èÖ¹³¤¾àÀëƽÐÐ×ßÏߣ¬£¬£¬½»Ö¯Ê±°´90¡ã½Ç°²ÅÅ¡£¡£¡£

• ¶Ì½Ó´Ö½ÓµØ£º£º£ºËùÓÐ×°±¸½ÓµØÏßÐè¶Ì¶ø´Ö£¨Ïß¾¶ÓëµçÔ´ÏßÒ»Ö»ò¸ü´Ö£©£¬£¬£¬½ÓµØµç×èÖµµÍÓÚ4¦¸£¬£¬£¬×èÖ¹µ¥µã½ÓµØÒýÈ뻷·×ÌÈÅ¡£¡£¡£

3. ¼Ó×°EMCÂ˲¨Æ÷

• ÊäÈë¶ËÂ˲¨Æ÷£º£º£ºÔÚ±äƵÆ÷µçÔ´ÊäÈë²à¼Ó×°ÎÞÏßµç×ÌÈÅÒÖÖÆÂ˲¨Æ÷£¨RFIÂ˲¨Æ÷£©£¬£¬£¬ÒÖÖƸßƵг²¨´«µ¼·¢Éä¡£¡£¡£

• Êä³ö¶ËÂ˲¨Æ÷£º£º£º½ÓÄÉLCµç·×é³ÉµÄÊä³öÂ˲¨Æ÷£¬£¬£¬Ï÷ÈõÊä³öµçÁ÷ÖеĸߴÎг²¨ÒòËØ£¬£¬£¬ïÔÌ­µç»ú¸½¼Óת¾ØºÍÔëÉù¡£¡£¡£

4. Ñ¡Ôñ¿¹×ÌÈÅÐÍÍÏÁ´µçÀÂ

• ÖÊÁÏÑ¡Ôñ£º£º£º»¤Ì×ÖÊÁÏÐè¾ß±¸¸ßÈáÈÍÐÔ£¨ÈçPUR¡¢¡¢¡¢TPEE£©ºÍÄÍÄ¥ËðÐÔ£¬£¬£¬Ë³Ó¦¶¯Ì¬ÍäÇúÇéÐΣ»£»£»µ¼Ìå½ÓÄɶà¹Éϸ½Ê¶ÆÎýÍ­Ë¿£¬£¬£¬ïÔÌ­ÍäÕÛÓ¦Á¦¼¯ÖС£¡£¡£

• ½á¹¹ÓÅ»¯£º£º£º½ÓÄÉͬÏò·Ö²ã½ÊºÏÊÖÒÕ£¬£¬£¬Æ½ºâÄÚ²¿Ó¦Á¦ÂþÑÜ£»£»£»ÄÚ²¿Ìî³ä¿­·òÀ­ÏËά»ò²£Á§ÏËά£¬£¬£¬ÔöÇ¿¿¹Å¤×ªÐÔÄÜ¡£¡£¡£

ÈȹÌÐÔ±âƽµçÀ½»ÁªºóµÄÐÔÄÜת±äÖ÷ÒªÌåÏÖÔÚÒÔϼ¸¸ö·½Ã棺£º£º

1. ÄÍÎÂÆ·¼¶ÏÔÖøÌáÉý£º£º£º½»Áª¹¤ÒÕ½«ÏßÐÔ·Ö×ӽṹµÄ¾ÛÒÒÏ©£¨PE£©×ª»¯ÎªÈýάÍø×´½á¹¹µÄ½»Áª¾ÛÒÒÏ©£¨XLPE£©£¬£¬£¬Ê¹µçÀµĺã¾ÃÊÂÇéζȴÓ70¡æÌáÉýÖÁ90¡æÉõÖÁ¸ü¸ß£¬£¬£¬¶Ì·ÔÊÐíζȴÓ140¡æÌá¸ßÖÁ250¡æ¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬·øÕÕ½»Áª±âƽµçÀµÄÄÍÎÂÆ·¼¶¿É´ï105¡æÖÁ150¡æ£¬£¬£¬Ô¶³¬Í¨Ë×µçÀ¡£¡£¡£

2. »úеÐÔÄÜÔöÇ¿£º£º£º½»ÁªÀú³ÌÔÚ´ó·Ö×Ӽ佨ÉèеĻ¯Ñ§¼ü£¬£¬£¬ÐγÉÈýάÍøÂç½á¹¹£¬£¬£¬ÏÔÖøÌá¸ßÁ˵çÀµÄÓ²¶È¡¢¡¢¡¢¸Õ¶È¡¢¡¢¡¢ÄÍÄ¥ÐԺͿ¹¹¥»÷ÐÔ¡£¡£¡£ÕâÖֽṹת±äÌî²¹ÁËͨË×¾ÛÒÒÏ©Ò×ÊÜÇéÐÎÓ¦Á¦¹êÁѵÄÈõµã£¬£¬£¬Ê¹µçÀ¸ü˳ӦƵÈÔÍäÇú»ò»úеӦÁ¦³¡¾°¡£¡£¡£

3. ÄÍ»¯Ñ§ÐÔÄÜÓÅ»¯£º£º£º½»ÁªºóµÄ±âƽµçÀ¶ÔËá¼î¡¢¡¢¡¢ÓÍÀ༰»¯Ñ§ÎïÖʵķ´¿¹Á¦ÔöÇ¿¡£¡£¡£ÆäȼÉÕ²úÆ·Ö÷ҪΪˮºÍ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬£¬£¬¶ÔÇéÐÎΣº£º£º¦½ÏС£¬£¬£¬ÇкÏÏÖ´úÏû·ÀÇå¾²ÒªÇ󣬣¬£¬ÌØÊâÊÊÓÃÓÚ»¯¹¤¡¢¡¢¡¢¿Ú°¶µÈÇÖÊ´ÐÔÇéÐΡ£¡£¡£

4. µçÆøÐÔÄÜÎȹÌ£º£º£º½»Áª¹¤ÒÕ¼á³ÖÁ˾ÛÒÒÏ©Ô­ÓеÄÓÅÒì¾øÔµÌØÕ÷£¬£¬£¬Í¬Ê±½øÒ»²½Ôö´ó¾øÔµµç×裬£¬£¬½éÖÊÏûºÄ½ÇÕýÇÐֵСÇÒÊÜζÈÓ°ÏìС¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬XLPEµçÀÂÔÚ¸ßÎÂÏÂÈÔÄÜά³ÖÎȹ̵ĵçÆøÐÔÄÜ£¬£¬£¬·ÀÖ¹µçÁ¦¹ÊÕÏ»òÐźÅ×ÌÈÅ¡£¡£¡£

5. ÈÈÀÏ»¯ÊÙÃüÑÓÉ죺£º£º½»ÁªÂç¹¹ÏÞÖÆÁË·Ö×ÓÁ´µÄÈÈÔ˶¯£¬£¬£¬¼õ»ºÁ˸ßÎÂϵÄÈȽµ½â·´Ó³¡£¡£¡£ÒÔXLPEµçÀÂΪÀý£¬£¬£¬ÆäÈÈÊÙÃü¿É´ï40Ä꣬£¬£¬Î¶ÈÿÉý¸ß10¡æ£¬£¬£¬ÊÙÃü¼õ°ëµÄ¼ÍÂÉÔÚ½»ÁªÖÊÁÏÖÐÌåÏÖ¸üÓÅ£¬£¬£¬ºã¾ÃʹÓÃÎȹÌÐÔÏÔÖøÌáÉý¡£¡£¡£

6. ÄÍÇéÐÎÓ¦Á¦¿ªÁÑÐÔ¸ÄÉÆ£º£º£º½»Áª¹¤ÒÕÔöÇ¿Á˵çÀ¶ÔÇéÐÎÓ¦Á¦£¨ÈçʪÈ󡢡¢¡¢ÑÎÎí¡¢¡¢¡¢»úеӦÁ¦£©µÄ·´¿¹ÄÜÁ¦£¬£¬£¬ïÔÌ­ÁËÒòÇéÐÎÒòËص¼ÖµĿªÁÑ·çÏÕ£¬£¬£¬ÑÓÉìÁË»§Íâ»ò±°ÁÓÇéÐÎϵÄʹÓÃÊÙÃü¡£¡£¡£

7. ¿¹Èä±äÐÔÌáÉý£º£º£º½»ÁªºóµÄ±âƽµçÀÂÔÚºã¾ÃÊÜÁ¦Ê±²»Ò×±¬·¢Èä±ä±äÐΣ¬£¬£¬¼á³Ö³ß´çÎȹÌÐÔ£¬£¬£¬È·±£µçÆøÅþÁ¬µÄ¿É¿¿ÐÔ£¬£¬£¬ÊÊÓÃÓÚÐèÒªºã¾ÃÀο¿»ò½ÓÊܳÖÐøÓ¦Á¦µÄ³¡¾°¡£¡£¡£

ÂÌÉ«ÖÆÔìÍÏÁ´µçÀµÄÉú²úÀú³Ì¾ß±¸ÏÔÖøµÄµÍ̼½ÚÄÜÌØÕ÷£¬£¬£¬Æä½¹µãÌåÏÖÔÚÖÊÁÏÑ¡Ôñ¡¢¡¢¡¢¹¤ÒÕÓÅ»¯¡¢¡¢¡¢ÄÜÔ´ÖÎÀíÒÔ¼°È«ÉúÃüÖÜÆÚ»·±£Éè¼ÆËĸö·½Ã棺£º£º

Ò»¡¢¡¢¡¢»·±£ÖÊÁÏÓ¦Ó㺣º£º´ÓÔ´Í·ïÔ̭̼ÅÅ·Å

ÂÌÉ«ÖÆÔìÍÏÁ´µçÀ½ÓÄÉÈÈËÜÐÔ¾Û±ûÏ©µÈÐÂÐÍ»·±£ÖÊÁÏÌæ»»¹Å°å½»Áª¾ÛÒÒÏ©¡£¡£¡£ÕâÀàÖÊÁϲ»µ«²»º¬Ç¦¡¢¡¢¡¢ïÓ¡¢¡¢¡¢¹¯µÈÖؽðÊô¼°Â±ËØ×èȼ¼Á£¬£¬£¬È¼ÉÕʱ·¢ÑÌÁ¿ÉÙÇҾ߱¸×èȼÐÔ£¬£¬£¬×èÖ¹±¬·¢ÇÖÊ´ÐÔÆøÌå»òÇéÐμ¤ËØ£¬£¬£¬¸üÒªº¦µÄÊÇÆäÉú²úÄܺĽϹŰåÖÊÁϽµµÍ³¬40%¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬º£ÄÚÊ×Ìõ110kV¾Û±ûÏ©¾øÔµµçÁ¦µçÀµÄÖÆÔìÀú³ÌÖУ¬£¬£¬´ÓÔ­ÖÊÁϼӹ¤µ½µçÀÂÖÆÔì»·½ÚÔ¼¼õÅŶþÑõ»¯Ì¼6.2¶Ö£¬£¬£¬Ã¿Ç§Ã×µçÀ¿ÉïÔÌ­¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼ÅÅ·Å6.2¶Ö£¬£¬£¬Ö±½ÓÌåÏÖÁËÖÊÁÏÉý¼¶¶ÔµÍ̼ĿµÄµÄТ˳¡£¡£¡£

¶þ¡¢¡¢¡¢¹¤ÒÕÓÅ»¯£º£º£ºËõ¶ÌÖÜÆÚÓë½µµÍÄܺIJ¢ÐÐ

ÂÌÉ«ÖÆÔìͨ¹ý¹¤ÒÕÁ¢ÒìʵÏÖÉú²úЧÂÊÓëÄܺĵÄË«ÖØÓÅ»¯¡£¡£¡£ÒÔ¾øÔµ¹¤ÐòΪÀý£¬£¬£¬ÐÂÐÍÖÊÁϵÄÓ¦ÓÃʹ¾øÔµ¹¤ÐòÖÜÆÚËõ¶Ì80%£¬£¬£¬ÕâÒâζ×ÅÏàͬ²úÄÜÏÂÄÜÔ´ÏûºÄ´ó·ù½µµÍ¡£¡£¡£Í¬Ê±£¬£¬£¬ÖÇÄÜÖÆÔìÊÖÒÕµÄÒýÈë½øÒ»²½ÌáÉýÁËÉú²úÀú³ÌµÄÂÌÉ«»¯Ë®Æ½¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬»ª¶«µçÀÂͨ¹ýÊýÖÇ»¯ÖÎÀíϵͳʵÏÖ´ÓÔ­ÖÊÁÏÈë¿âµ½³ÉÆ·³ö³§µÄÈ«Á´ÌõÂÌÉ«ÖÎÀí£¬£¬£¬Éú²ú×°±¸ÖÇÄÜ»¯Éý¼¶ºó£¬£¬£¬ÐÅϢʵʱ¹²Ïí¡¢¡¢¡¢¾«×¼Ð­Í¬×÷Òµ£¬£¬£¬²»µ«ÌáÉýÁËÉú²úЧÂÊ£¬£¬£¬»¹ÏÔÖø½µµÍÁËÄÜÔ´ÏûºÄºÍ·ÏÆúÎïÅÅ·Å¡£¡£¡£

Èý¡¢¡¢¡¢ÄÜÔ´ÖÎÀí£º£º£ºÈ«Á÷³ÌϸÄ廯¿ØÖÆ

ÂÌÉ«ÖÆÔìÍÏÁ´µçÀµÄÉú²úÀú³ÌÇ¿µ÷ÄÜÔ´µÄϸÄ廯ÖÎÀí¡£¡£¡£Æóҵͨ¹ý½¨É賬¾»»¯¾Û±ûÏ©¾øÔµÁÏÓëµçÀÂרÓÃÉú²úÏߣ¬£¬£¬ÓÅ»¯Éú²úÁ÷³ÌÖеÄÄÜÔ´·ÖÅäÓëʹÓᣡ£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬ÔÚ¼·Ñ¹³ÉÐÍÀú³ÌÖУ¬£¬£¬ÑÏ¿á¿ØÖÆζȡ¢¡¢¡¢Ñ¹Á¦ºÍÁ÷ËٵȲÎÊý£¬£¬£¬È·±£²úÆ·³ß´çÔȳÆÐÔÓëÍâòÖÊÁ¿µÄͬʱ£¬£¬£¬ïÔÌ­Òò²ÎÊýÎó²îµ¼ÖµÄÄÜÔ´ÆÌÕÅ¡£¡£¡£±ðµÄ£¬£¬£¬²¿·ÖÆóÒµ»¹Í¨¹ýÄÚ²¿Ë®Ñ­»·´¦Àíϵͳ¼°¼¯Æø×°Öô¦Àí£¬£¬£¬ÊµÏÖÉú²úÁ÷³ÌµÄÁãÅÅ·Å£¬£¬£¬½øÒ»²½½µµÍÇéÐθººÉ¡£¡£¡£

ËÄ¡¢¡¢¡¢È«ÉúÃüÖÜÆÚ»·±£Éè¼Æ£º£º£ºÑÓÉìµÍ̼¼ÛÖµ

ÂÌÉ«ÖÆÔìÍÏÁ´µçÀµĵÍ̼½ÚÄÜÌØÕ÷²»µ«ÌåÏÖÔÚÉú²ú½×¶Î£¬£¬£¬¸ü¹á´®ÓÚ²úÆ·µÄÈ«ÉúÃüÖÜÆÚ¡£¡£¡£´ÓÔ­ÖÊÁÏÑ¡Ôñµ½·ÏÆúºó½ÓÄÉÔÙÉúʹÓ㬣¬£¬¾ù×ñÕÕ»·±£Ô­Ôò¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬µçÀ·ÏÆúºó¿É½ÓÄÉÔÙÉúʹÓ㬣¬£¬ÑÚÂñ¡¢¡¢¡¢·ÙÉÕʱ²î³ØÇéÐα¬·¢Î£º£º£º¦£»£»£»È¼ÉÕÑÌÃܶÈÇкÏGB/T 17651-1998±ê×¼ÒªÇ󣬣¬£¬Í¸¹âÂÊ¡Ý60%£¬£¬£¬Â±ËẬÁ¿ÊÔÑéÇкÏGB/T 17650-1998±ê×¼ÒªÇ󣬣¬£¬×èȼÐÔÄÜÇкÏGB/T 12666-1990ÒªÇ󣬣¬£¬¶¾ÐÔÖ¸Êý¡Ü3¡£¡£¡£ÕâЩָ±êÈ·±£Á˵çÀÂÔÚÈ«ÉúÃüÖÜÆÚÄÚ¶ÔÇéÐεÄÓ°Ïì×îС»¯¡£¡£¡£

Õñ¶¯²âÊÔÍÏÁ´µçÀÂÄܹ»Ä£ÄâÕæʵ¹¤¿ö£¬£¬£¬Æäͨ¹ýÄ£Äâ×°±¸ÔËÐÐÖеÄÕñ¶¯¡¢¡¢¡¢¹¥»÷¡¢¡¢¡¢Öظ´Ô˶¯¼°ÇéÐÎת±ä£¬£¬£¬ÖÜÈ«ÆÀ¹ÀµçÀÂÔÚÖش󹤿öϵĽṹÍêÕûÐԺ͹¦Ð§ÎȹÌÐÔ£¬£¬£¬ÏêϸÆÊÎöÈçÏ£º£º£º

Õñ¶¯²âÊԵĽ¹µãÄ¿µÄÓëÕæʵ¹¤¿öµÄ¹ØÁªÐÔ

1. ½á¹¹ÍêÕûÐÔÑéÖ¤
   Õñ¶¯²âÊÔͨ¹ýÄ£Äâ×°±¸ÔËÐÐÖеĻúеÕñ¶¯ºÍ¹¥»÷£¬£¬£¬¼ì²âµçÀÂÔÚÇ¿ÁÒÔ˶¯×´Ì¬ÏµĽṹÍêÕûÐÔ¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬ÔÚÍÏÁ´µçÀµIJâÊÔÀú³ÌÖУ¬£¬£¬Ñ­»·ÍäÇú²âÊÔÊÇ×î³£¼ûµÄÒªÁìÖ®Ò»¡£¡£¡£²âÊÔʱ£¬£¬£¬µçÀÂÔÚÉ趨µÄÍäÇú°ë¾¶ºÍ½Ç¶ÈϾÙÐжà´ÎÑ­»·ÍäÕÛ£¬£¬£¬¼Í¼ÍäÇú´ÎÊýÓëÐÔÄÜת±äµÄ¹Øϵ¡£¡£¡£ÕâÖÖ²âÊÔÄܹ»Ä£ÄâµçÀÂÔÚÍÏÁ´ÖÐÖظ´ÍäÇúµÄÏÖʵ¹¤¿ö£¬£¬£¬È·±£µçÀÂÔÚÏÖʵÊÂÇéÖÐÄܹ»Ë³³©ÔËÐжø²»»áÊܵ½¹ý´óµÄÓ¦Á¦¡£¡£¡£

2. ¹¦Ð§ÎȹÌÐÔÆÀ¹À
   Õñ¶¯²âÊÔ»¹¹Ø×¢µçÀÂÔÚÕñ¶¯ÇéÐÎϵĵçÆøÐÔÄÜÎȹÌÐÔ¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬Í¨¹ýµçÆøÐÔÄܲâÊÔ£¬£¬£¬¿ÉÒÔ¼ì²âµçÀµĵ¼Í¨ÐÔ¡¢¡¢¡¢¾øÔµÐԺ͵ç×èÖµµÈ²ÎÊý£¬£¬£¬È·±£ÆäÔÚÕñ¶¯Àú³ÌÖв»»áÒòµ¼Ìå»òÆÁÕϲãÆÆËð¶øµ¼ÖÂÐźŴ«ÊäÖÐÖ¹»òµç´Å×ÌÈÅÔöÌí¡£¡£¡£ÕâÖÖ²âÊÔÄܹ»Ä£ÄâµçÀÂÔÚ¸ßËÙÆôÍ£¡¢¡¢¡¢ÆµÈÔÍäÇúµÈ¹¤¿öϵĵçÆøÐÔÄÜת±ä£¬£¬£¬Îª¹¤³ÌÊÖÒÕÖ°Ô±Ìṩ¿ÆѧÒÀ¾Ý¡£¡£¡£

Õñ¶¯²âÊÔµÄÏêϸҪÁìÓëÕæʵ¹¤¿öµÄÆ¥ÅäÐÔ

1. Ñ­»·ÍäÇú²âÊÔ
   Ñ­»·ÍäÇú²âÊÔÊÇÄ£ÄâÍÏÁ´µçÀÂÔÚÍÏÁ´ÖÐÖظ´ÍäÇúµÄ¹¤¿ö¡£¡£¡£²âÊÔʱ£¬£¬£¬µçÀÂÔÚÉ趨µÄÍäÇú°ë¾¶ºÍ½Ç¶ÈϾÙÐжà´ÎÑ­»·ÍäÕÛ£¬£¬£¬¼Í¼ÍäÇú´ÎÊýÓëÐÔÄÜת±äµÄ¹Øϵ¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬Ä³×Ô¶¯»¯Éú²úÏßÖУ¬£¬£¬¾­ÓÉÁ¬ÐøÑ­»·ÍäÇú²âÊÔ£¬£¬£¬²¿·ÖÍÏÁ´µçÀÂÔÚÀÛ¼Æ100Íò´ÎÍäÇúºó£¬£¬£¬µçÆøÐÔÄÜÈÔ¼á³ÖÔÚÉè¼ÆÖ¸±ê¹æÄ£ÄÚ£¬£¬£¬ÇÒ¾øÔµ²ã½ö·ºÆðϸСĥË𡣡£¡£ÕâÅú×¢£¬£¬£¬Õñ¶¯²âÊÔÄܹ»×¼È·Ä£ÄâµçÀÂÔÚÕæʵ¹¤¿öϵÄÍäÇúÆ£ÀÍÌØÕ÷¡£¡£¡£

2. Ä;ÃÐÔ²âÊÔ
   Ä;ÃÐÔ²âÊÔÄ£ÄâÏÖʵÊÂÇéÌõ¼þ£¬£¬£¬¶ÔÍÏÁ´µçÀ¾ÙÐÐÖظ´Ô˶¯¡¢¡¢¡¢Õñ¶¯ºÍÇéÐÎת±äµÄ²âÊÔ¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬Í¨¹ýÄ£Äâ¸ßΡ¢¡¢¡¢¸ßʪ¡¢¡¢¡¢»¯Ñ§½éÖʽþÅݵÈÇéÐΣ¬£¬£¬¼ì²âµçÀÂÔÚ²î±ðÇéÐÎϵĿɿ¿ÐÔºÍÊÙÃü¡£¡£¡£ÕâÖÖ²âÊÔÄܹ»ÖÜÈ«ÆÀ¹ÀµçÀÂÔÚÖش󹤿öϵÄÇéÐÎ˳ӦÐÔ£¬£¬£¬È·±£ÆäÔÚÏÖʵӦÓÃÖÐÄܹ»ÎȹÌÔËÐС£¡£¡£

3. »úеÕñ¶¯²âÊÔ
   »úеÕñ¶¯²âÊÔʹÓüÓËÙÂʼƵÈ×°±¸£¬£¬£¬ÕÉÁ¿µçÀÂÔÚÕñ¶¯ÇéÐÎϵÄλÒÆ¡¢¡¢¡¢ËÙÂÊ¡¢¡¢¡¢¼ÓËÙÂʵȲÎÊý£¬£¬£¬ÒÔÆÀ¹ÀµçÀ¶ԻúеÕñ¶¯µÄ¿¹Õñ¶¯ÄÜÁ¦¡£¡£¡£ÕâÖÖ²âÊÔÄܹ»Ä£ÄâµçÀÂÔÚ×°±¸ÔËÐÐÀú³ÌÖÐÊܵ½µÄÕñ¶¯¹¥»÷£¬£¬£¬È·±£ÆäÔÚÏÖʵ¹¤¿öϲ»»áÒòÕñ¶¯¶øµ¼Ö½ṹÆÆËð»ò¹¦Ð§Ê§Ð§¡£¡£¡£

Õñ¶¯²âÊÔÔÚÕæʵ¹¤¿öÖеÄÓ¦Óð¸Àý

1. ×Ô¶¯»¯Éú²úÏßÓ¦ÓÃ
   ÔÚ×Ô¶¯»¯Éú²úÏßÖУ¬£¬£¬ÍÏÁ´µçÀÂÐèҪƵÈÔÍäÇúºÍÒƶ¯¡£¡£¡£Í¨¹ýÕñ¶¯²âÊÔ£¬£¬£¬¿ÉÒÔÈ·±£µçÀÂÔÚ³¤Ê±¼äÔËÐÐÀú³ÌÖв»»áÒòÍäÇúÆ£ÀͶøµ¼Öµ¼Ìå¶ÏÁÑ»ò¾øÔµ²ãÆÆË𡣡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬Ä³×Ô¶¯»¯Éú²úÏßÖУ¬£¬£¬¾­ÓÉÕñ¶¯²âÊÔµÄÍÏÁ´µçÀÂÔÚÀÛ¼Æ100Íò´ÎÍäÇúºó£¬£¬£¬µçÆøÐÔÄÜÈÔ¼á³ÖÔÚÉè¼ÆÖ¸±ê¹æÄ£ÄÚ£¬£¬£¬ÓÐÓðü¹ÜÁËÉú²úÏßµÄÎȹÌÔËÐС£¡£¡£

2. »úеÈËÊàŦӦÓÃ
   ÔÚ»úеÈËÊàŦ´¦£¬£¬£¬ÍÏÁ´µçÀÂÐèÒª½ÓÊܸßËÙÆôÍ£º£º£ºÍƵÈÔÍäÇúµÄ¹¤¿ö¡£¡£¡£Í¨¹ýÕñ¶¯²âÊÔ£¬£¬£¬¿ÉÒÔÆÀ¹ÀµçÀÂÔÚ¸ßËÙÔ˶¯ÏµĶ¯Ì¬Ó¦Á¦¼¯ÖкÍÆÁÕϲãÄ¥ËðÇéÐΡ£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬Ä³»úеÈËÏîÄ¿ÖУ¬£¬£¬¾­ÓÉÕñ¶¯²âÊÔµÄÍÏÁ´µçÀÂÔÚ¸ßËÙÆôÍ£Àú³ÌÖÐδ·ºÆðµ¼Ìå¶ÏÁÑ»òÆÁÕϲãÆÆËðÕ÷Ï󣬣¬£¬È·±£ÁË»úеÈËÊàŦµÄÎȹÌÔËÐС£¡£¡£

¾íͲµçÀµÄ˲ʱ¶Ì·µçÁ÷½ÓÊÜÄÜÁ¦Ðèƾ֤Ïêϸ¹æ¸ñºÍÉè¼ÆÈ·¶¨£¬£¬£¬µ«Í¨³£ÐèÖª×ãÊýʮǧ°²ÖÁÊý°Ùǧ°²µÄÄÍÊÜÒªÇ󣬣¬£¬ÒÔÏÂÊÇÏêϸÆÊÎö£º£º£º

Ò»¡¢¡¢¡¢Ë²Ê±¶Ì·µçÁ÷½ÓÊÜÄÜÁ¦µÄÒªº¦ÒòËØ

1. µ¼ÌåÖÊÁÏÓë½ØÃæ»ý£º£º£ºµ¼ÌåÖÊÁÏ£¨ÈçÍ­»òÂÁ£©µÄµ¼µçÐÔÄܺͽØÃæ»ýÖ±½ÓÓ°ÏìÆä³ÐÔصçÁ÷µÄÄÜÁ¦¡£¡£¡£½ØÃæ»ýÔ½´ó£¬£¬£¬µ¼ÌåÄܽÓÊܵĵçÁ÷Ô½¸ß¡£¡£¡£

2. ¾øÔµÖÊÁÏ£º£º£º¾øÔµÖÊÁϵÄÄÍÈÈÄÜÁ¦ºÍµçÆøÇ¿¶È¶Ô¶Ì·ÄÍÊÜÄÜÁ¦ÖÁ¹ØÖ÷Òª¡£¡£¡£Ôڶ̷ʱ£¬£¬£¬¾øÔµÖÊÁÏÐè½ÓÊܸßÎÂ˳¸ßѹ¶ø²»±»»÷´©¡£¡£¡£

3. ÆÁÕϽṹ£º£º£º¹ØÓÚÖÐѹ¾íͲµçÀ£¬£¬£¬·ÖÏàÆÁÕϽṹÄܹ»¾ù»¯µç³¡£¬£¬£¬Ìá¸ßµçÀµĶÌ·ÄÍÊÜÄÜÁ¦¡£¡£¡£ÆÁÕϲãµÄÖÊÁϺÍÉè¼ÆÒ²»áÓ°ÏìÆä½ÓÊܶÌ·µçÁ÷µÄÄÜÁ¦¡£¡£¡£

4. ÖÆÔ칤ÒÕ£º£º£ºÖÆÔ칤ÒÕµÄˢУ¬£¬£¬Èç¾øÔµµæ¿éÔ¤ÃÜ»¯¡¢¡¢¡¢ÈÆ×éºãѹ¸ÉÔïµÈ£¬£¬£¬Äܹ»Ìá¸ßµçÀµĻúеǿ¶ÈºÍµçÆøÐÔÄÜ£¬£¬£¬´Ó¶øÔöÇ¿Æä¶Ì·ÄÍÊÜÄÜÁ¦¡£¡£¡£

¶þ¡¢¡¢¡¢Ë²Ê±¶Ì·µçÁ÷½ÓÊÜÄÜÁ¦µÄÏêϸҪÇó

1. Ò»°ãÒªÇ󣺣º£º¾íͲµçÀÂÐèÄܽÓÊÜһ׼ʱ¼äµÄ¶Ì·µçÁ÷¹¥»÷¶ø²»±¬·¢Ë𻵡£¡£¡£Õâ¸öʱ¼äͨ³£È¡¾öÓÚµçÀµĹæ¸ñºÍʹÓÃÇéÐΣ¬£¬£¬¿ÉÄÜÊǼ¸Ãëµ½¼¸·ÖÖÓ²»µÈ¡£¡£¡£

2. ÏêϸÊýÖµ£º£º£º¹ØÓÚ²î±ð¹æ¸ñºÍÓÃ;µÄ¾íͲµçÀ£¬£¬£¬Æä˲ʱ¶Ì·µçÁ÷½ÓÊÜÄÜÁ¦»áÓÐËù²î±ð¡£¡£¡£ÀýÈ磬£¬£¬Ä³Ð©ÖÐѹ¾íͲµçÀ¿ÉÄÜÐè½ÓÊÜÊýʮǧ°²ÖÁÊý°Ùǧ°²µÄ¶Ì·µçÁ÷¡£¡£¡£

3. ÊÔÑéÑéÖ¤£º£º£ºÎªÁËÈ·±£¾íͲµçÀµĶÌ·ÄÍÊÜÄÜÁ¦ÇкÏÉè¼ÆÒªÇ󣬣¬£¬ÖÆÔ쳧»á¾ÙÐÐÑÏ¿áµÄÊÔÑéÑéÖ¤¡£¡£¡£ÕâЩÊÔÑé°üÀ¨¶Ì·µçÁ÷¹¥»÷ÊÔÑé¡¢¡¢¡¢ÄÍÈÈÊÔÑéµÈ¡£¡£¡£

Èý¡¢¡¢¡¢Ôöǿ˲ʱ¶Ì·µçÁ÷½ÓÊÜÄÜÁ¦µÄ²½·¥

1. ÓÅ»¯µ¼ÌåÉè¼Æ£º£º£ºÍ¨¹ýÔö´óµ¼Ìå½ØÃæ»ý¡¢¡¢¡¢½ÓÄɸߵ¼µçÐÔÄܵÄÖÊÁϵȷ½Ê½£¬£¬£¬Ìá¸ßµ¼ÌåµÄ³ÐÔصçÁ÷ÄÜÁ¦¡£¡£¡£

2. ˢоøÔµÖÊÁÏ£º£º£ºÑ¡ÓÃÄÍÈÈÐÔÄܸüºÃ¡¢¡¢¡¢µçÆøÇ¿¶È¸ü¸ßµÄ¾øÔµÖÊÁÏ£¬£¬£¬Ìá¸ßµçÀµĶÌ·ÄÍÊÜÄÜÁ¦¡£¡£¡£

3. ÍêÉÆÆÁÕϽṹ£º£º£º¹ØÓÚÖÐѹ¾íͲµçÀ£¬£¬£¬½ÓÄÉ·ÖÏàÆÁÕϽṹÒÔ¾ù»¯µç³¡£¬£¬£¬Ìá¸ßµçÀµĶÌ·ÄÍÊÜÄÜÁ¦¡£¡£¡£Í¬Ê±£¬£¬£¬ÓÅ»¯ÆÁÕϲãµÄÖÊÁϺÍÉè¼Æ£¬£¬£¬È·±£ÆäÄܽÓÊܶÌ·µçÁ÷µÄ¹¥»÷¡£¡£¡£

4. Ìá¸ßÖÆÔ칤ÒÕˮƽ£º£º£ºÍ¨¹ýË¢ÐÂÖÆÔ칤ÒÕ£¬£¬£¬Èç¾øÔµµæ¿éÔ¤ÃÜ»¯¡¢¡¢¡¢ÈÆ×éºãѹ¸ÉÔïµÈ£¬£¬£¬Ìá¸ßµçÀµĻúеǿ¶ÈºÍµçÆøÐÔÄÜ£¬£¬£¬´Ó¶øÔöÇ¿Æä¶Ì·ÄÍÊÜÄÜÁ¦¡£¡£¡£